An assembly language can contribute to organizational success by providing managers and decision makers with timely, accurate, and relevant information based on data.

A database provides an essential foundation for an organization’s information and decision support system.

A database, a DBMS, and the application programs that use the data make up the database environment.

Attributes are usually selected to reflect the relevant characteristics of entities such as employees or customers.

Data modeling usually involves understanding a specific business problem and analyzing the data and information needed to deliver a solution.

ER diagrams help ensure that the relationships among the data entities in a database are correctly structured.

The tables in relational databases organize data in rows and columns, simplifying data access and manipulation.

Data anomalies often result in incorrect information, causing database users to be misinformed about actual conditions.

Databases for personal computers are most often meant for multiple users.

Large mainframe computer systems can do without multiuser DBMSs.

All DBMSs share some common functions, such as providing a user view, physically storing and retrieving data in a database, allowing for database modification, manipulating data, and generating reports.

A data dictionary should not include a description of data flows, the way records are organized, and the data-processing requirements.

A DBMS can produce a wide variety of documents, reports, and other outputs that can help organizations achieve their goals.

Database systems require a skilled project manager.

Data warehouses allow managers to drill down to get more detail or roll up to take detailed data and generate aggregate or summary reports.

A data model stores historical data that has been extracted from operational systems and external data sources.

Data marts bring the data warehouse concept (online analysis of sales, inventory, and other vital business data that has been gathered from transaction processing systems) to small and medium-sized businesses and to departments within larger companies.

Data marts are most useful for large groups who want to access general data.

A data warehouse contains detailed information that can be used by an entire company.

A standardized, uniform approach to database access means that all application programs use the same overall procedures to retrieve data and information.

One of the primary disadvantages of a relational database is that it does not allow tables to be linked.

Valuable data is accurate, complete, economical, flexible, reliable, relevant, simple, timely, verifiable, accessible, and secure.

A network administrator is expected to have a clear understanding of the fundamental business of the organization, be proficient in the use of selected database management systems, and stay abreast of emerging technologies and new design approaches.

Because distributed databases rely on telecommunications lines to transport data, access to data can be slow.

A ____ consists of a group of programs that manipulate the database and provide an interface between the database and its users and other application programs.

A ____ is a skilled and trained IS professional who directs all activities related to an organization’s database, including providing security from intruders.

A byte is typically ____ bits.

A ____ is typically a name, number, or combination of characters that describes an aspect of a business object

A collection of related data fields is a(n) ____.

A collection of related records is a(n) ____.

A(n) ____ is a generalized class of people, places, or things (objects) for which data is collected, stored, and maintained.

A(n) ____ is a field or set of fields in a record that identifies the record.

The ____ approach to data management is an approach whereby separate data files are created and stored for each application program.

The ____ approach to data management is an approach whereby a pool of related data is shared by multiple application programs.

____ is a way of organizing data in which the logical database design is altered so that certain data entities are combined, summary totals are carried in the data records rather than calculated from elemental data, and some data attributes are repeated in more than one data entity to improve database performance.

____ diagrams use basic graphical symbols to show the organization of and relationships between data.

The ____ is a database model that describes data in which all data elements are placed in two-dimensional tables, called relations.

____ involves the manipulation of data to eliminate rows according to certain criteria.

____ involves eliminating columns in a table.

____ involves combining two or more tables.

A(n) ____ is a simple database program whose records have no relationship to one another.

Because the DBMS is responsible for access to a database, one of the first steps in installing and using a large database involves telling the DBMS the logical and physical structure of the data and relationships among the data in the database for each user. This description is called a(n) ____.

A(n) ____ is a collection of instructions and commands used to define and describe data and relationships in a specific database.

A(n) ____ is a detailed description of all data used in the database.

____ is a method of dealing with a situation in which two or more people need to access the same record in a database at the same time.

The ____ is responsible for defining and implementing consistent principles for a variety of data issues, including setting data standards and data definitions that apply across all the databases in an organization.

A ____ is one that directly interacts with people or users.

A ____ interacts with other programs or applications; it only indirectly interacts with people or users.

A ____ is a database that holds business information from many sources in the enterprise, covering all aspects of the company’s processes, products, and customers.

____ is one aspect of business intelligence and is limited to information about competitors and the ways that knowledge affects strategy, tactics, and operations.

The term ____ describes the steps an organization takes to protect information sought by “hostile” intelligence gatherers.

A ____ holds a duplicate set of frequently used data.

An object-oriented database uses a(n) ____ to provide a user interface and connections to other programs.

Retailers use ____ to upgrade occasional customers into frequent purchasers by predicting what products they will buy if offered an appropriate incentive.