B2C e-commerce is a useful tool for connecting business partners in a virtual supply chain to cut resupply times and reduce costs.

G2B applications support the purchase of materials and services from private industry by government procurement offices, enable firms to bid on government contracts, and help businesses receive current government regulations related to their operations.

B2B applications are designed to improve communications among the various levels of government.

At the heart of any e-commerce system is the user’s ability to search for and identify items for sale; select those items and negotiate prices, terms of payment, and delivery date; send an order to the vendor to purchase the items; pay for the product or service; obtain product delivery; and receive after-sales support.

Message boards and chat rooms can be used to build a loyal community of people who are interested in and enthusiastic about a company and its products and services.

B2C commerce relies on the use of wireless devices, such as personal digital assistants, cell phones, and smartphones, to place orders and conduct business.

The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) created a .mobi domain in late 1999 to help attract mobile users to the Web.

Copyright law protects authored works such as books, film, images, music, and software from unauthorized copying.

Patents can protect software as well as business processes, formulae, compounds, and inventions.

The digital divide exists not only between more and less developed countries but within countries between economic classes, the educated and uneducated, and those who live in cities and those who live in rural areas.

Today many e-commerce sites use an electronic shopping cart to track the items selected for purchase, allowing shoppers to view what is in their cart, add new items to it, or remove items from it.

Credit cards can be used for a variety of purposes, including storing a user’s financial facts, health insurance data, credit card numbers, and network identification codes and passwords.

Credit cards are better protected from misuse than conventional debit cards because the credit-card information is encrypted.

A smart card makes credit theft practically impossible because a key to unlock the encrypted information is required, and there is no external number that a thief can identify and no physical signature a thief can forge.

By using B2C e-commerce to sell directly to consumers, producers or providers of consumer products can eliminate the middlemen, or intermediaries, between them and the consumer.

B2C e-commerce systems must support negotiation between buyer and the selected seller over the final price, delivery date, delivery costs, and any extra charges.

____ is the conducting of business activities electronically over computer networks such as the Internet, extranets, and corporate networks.

____ e-commerce is a subset of e-commerce where all the participants are organizations.

____ e-commerce is a form of e-commerce in which customers deal directly with an organization and avoid intermediaries.

____ is a subset of e-commerce that involves consumers selling directly to other consumers.

____ is the direct sale of products or services by businesses to consumers through electronic storefronts, which are typically designed around the familiar electronic catalog and shopping cart model.

A(n) ____ is a single Web site that offers many products and services at one Internet location.

____ is the identification of specific markets to target them with advertising messages.

____ includes works of the mind such as books, films, music, processes, and software, which are distinct somehow and are owned or created by a single entity.

The term ____ refers to the use of any of several technologies to enforce policies for controlling access to digital media such as movies, music, and software.

____ entails sending bogus messages purportedly from a legitimate institution to pry personal information from customers by convincing them to go to a “spoofed” Web site.

The term ____ is used to describe the practice of Web advertisers recording online behavior for the purpose of producing targeted advertising.

____ are companies that act as intermediaries between your Web site and online merchants who have the products and retail expertise.

____ Web pages contain variable information and are built to respond to a specific Web site visitor’s request.

____ software combines different product data formats into a standard format for uniform viewing, aggregating, and integrating catalog data.

____ software tools were originally developed in the 1980s to assist B2B salespeople to match their company’s products to customer needs.

____ are software modules supporting specific business processes that users can interact with over a network (such as the Internet) as necessary.

Information that is of great importance to a firm and for which strong measures are taken to protect it are ____.

In ____ advertising, the advertiser pays when a user clicks its ad to visit its Web site.