Multiple Choice
Identify the
choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.
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1.
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A data ____, which is a framework for organizing and storing data, consists of
one or more files or tables.
a. | structure | c. | index | b. | roster | d. | integral |
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2.
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In a typical file processing environment, ____ problems can occur if updates are
not applied in every file.
a. | rigid data structure | c. | referential integrity | b. | data
integrity | d. | data
redundancy |
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3.
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In a file-oriented information system, a transaction file ____.
a. | stores relatively permanent data about an entity | b. | is created and saved
for backup and recovery purposes | c. | stores records that contain day-to-day business
and operational data | d. | is a temporary file created by an information
system for a single task |
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4.
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____ means that a system can be expanded, modified, or downsized easily to meet
the rapidly changing needs of a business enterprise.
a. | Scalability | c. | Cardinality | b. | Compatibility | d. | Functionality |
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5.
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Many database programs generate ____, which is a language that allows PC client
workstations to communicate with servers and mainframe computers.
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6.
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A data ____ language controls database operations, including storing,
retrieving, updating, and deleting data.
a. | manipulation | c. | schema | b. | manufacturing | d. | dynamic |
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7.
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The complete definition of a database, including descriptions of all fields,
tables, and relationships, is called a(n) ____.
a. | connective | c. | exchange | b. | schema | d. | collective |
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8.
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To bridge the gap between a database and the Web and enable data to be viewed
and updated, it is necessary to use ____, which is software that integrates different applications
and allows them to exchange data.
a. | middleware | c. | shareware | b. | hardware | d. | freeware |
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9.
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When a primary key combines two or more fields, it is called any of the
following EXCEPT a ____ key.
a. | constructed | c. | combination | b. | composite | d. | concatenated |
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10.
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One type of validity check, called ____ integrity, is a set of rules that avoids
data inconsistency and quality problems.
a. | candidate | c. | referential | b. | combinatorial | d. | foreign |
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11.
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In an entity-relationship diagram, entities are represented as ____.
a. | triangles | c. | rectangles | b. | circles | d. | hexagons |
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12.
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____ describes how instances of one entity relate to instances of another
entity.
a. | Scalability | c. | Cardinality | b. | Compatibility | d. | Functionality |
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13.
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When a system reads a physical record, it loads the data from storage
into a ____, which is a segment of computer memory.
a. | client | c. | password | b. | table | d. | buffer |
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14.
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Most date formats now are based on the model established by the International
Organization for Standardization (ISO), which requires a format of ____.
a. | two digits for the year, two for the month, and two for the day
(YYMMDD) | b. | two digits for the year, four for the month, and two for the day
(YYMMMMDD) | c. | four digits for the year, two for the month, and two for the day
(YYYYMMDD) | d. | four digits for the year, two for the month, and four for the day
(YYYYMMDDDD) |
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15.
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In the event of a file catastrophe, ____ can be used to restore the file or
database to its current state at the time of the last backup.
a. | recovery procedures | c. | audit log files | b. | crow’s foot notation | d. | standard notation
format |
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True/False
Indicate whether the
statement is true or false.
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16.
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A database system stores and manages data in separate files using a method
called file processing.
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17.
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In a file-oriented information system, a history file contains reference data
used by the information system.
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18.
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In a client/server system, processing is isolated in one part of the
organization.
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19.
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Intranets and extranets are called Web-centric because they use different
protocols, or data transmission standards, than the Internet.
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20.
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In a client/server design, tasks are divided between servers, which are
workstations that users interact with, and clients, which are computers that supply data, processing,
and services to the server workstations.
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21.
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A common field is an attribute that appears in only one entity.
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22.
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Like a primary key, a foreign key must be unique.
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23.
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In an M:N relationship, the two entities are linked by an event or transaction
called an associative entity, which has its own set of attributes and characteristics.
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24.
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A repeating group is a set of one or more fields that can occur only once in a
single record, with each occurrence having the same value.
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25.
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A table is in first normal form (1NF) if it contains a repeating group.
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26.
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A table design is in second normal form (2NF) if it is in 1NF and if all
fields that are not part of the primary key are functionally independent of part of the
primary key.
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27.
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A popular rule of thumb is that a design is in 3NF if every nonkey field depends
on the key, the whole key, and nothing but the key.
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28.
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Relational databases are poorly suited to client/server computing because they
are so powerless and rigid.
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29.
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A data warehouse allows users to specify certain dimensions, or
characteristics.
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30.
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The basic elements of logical data are alphabetic or numeric characters, such as
the letter A or the number 9.
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Completion
Complete each
statement.
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31.
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Typically, a DBMS is managed by a person called a(n) ____________________, who
assesses overall requirements and maintains the database for the benefit of an entire organization
rather than a single department or user.
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32.
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To access information on the Internet, a person uses a(n) ____________________,
which is an application that enables the user to navigate, or browse, the Internet and display Web
pages on his or her local computer.
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33.
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____________________ software looks for meaningful patterns and relationships
among data.
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34.
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The actual number of logical records in a physical record is determined by the
____________________.
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35.
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A(n) ____________________ date is the total number of days from some specific
base date.
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Matching
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Identify the letter of the choice that best matches the phrase or
definition. a. | UML | f. | subschema | b. | cardinality | g. | intranet | c. | secondary
key | h. | entity | d. | data mining | i. | physical | e. | orphan | j. | logical |
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36.
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A view of a database used by one or more systems or users.
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37.
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A private, company-owned network to provide Web-based access to users.
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38.
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A person, place, thing, or event for which data is collected and
maintained.
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39.
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A field or combination of fields that can be used to access or retrieve
records.
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40.
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A foreign key value that does not match an existing key in another
table.
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41.
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As an analyst, you must understand this in order to create a data design that
accurately reflects all relationships among system entities.
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42.
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A widely used method of visualizing and documenting software systems
design.
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43.
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In e-commerce, this works best when a goal is to reduce clicks to close, which
means average page views to accomplish a purchase or obtain desired information.
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44.
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Kind of storage that is strictly hardware-related, because it involves the
process of reading and writing binary data to physical media.
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45.
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Kind of storage that refers to information as seen through a user’s eyes,
regardless of how or where the information actually is organized or stored.
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